Signaling system and apparatus therefor



April 18, 1933. S. MORTON ET AL 1,904,164

SIGNALING SiS'IEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed July 11, 1930 9 Sheets-Sheet l FIG.1

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April 18, 1933. s. MORTON ET AL 1,904,164

SIGNALING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed July 11, 1930 9 Sheets-Sheet '7 WVENTORS STERLING MORTON HOWARD L. KRUM EDMRD E. KLEINSCHMIDT M YWW ATTORNE April 18, 1933. MORTON ET AL 1,904,164

SIGNALING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed July 11, 1930 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 4B2 h 444 4% F I 1* 1 as 7 M] 21, I 495 456 07 INVENTORS STERLING MORTON HOWARD L. KRUM EDWARD E. KLEINSCHMIDT April 1933- s. MORTON El AL 1,904,164

SIGNALING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed July 11, 1930 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 FIG. 2.9

FIGL5O lNVENIORS STERLING MORTON ATTORNEYS.

Patented Apr. 18, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STERLING MORTON, HOWARD L. KRUM, AND EDWARD E. KLEINSCHMIDT, OF CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO TELETYPE CORPORATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A COB- PORA'IION OF DELAWARE SIGNALING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Application filed July 11,

Our present invention relates to signaling systems and apparatus therefor, and more particularly to selective signaling systems and apparatus especially adapted for printing telegraph operation, but may be applied to a wide range of selective and remote control operations. Because of advantages in operation for certain classes of telegraphic communication printing telegraph receivers with stationary paper carriages and movable type baskets such for example, as disclosed in U. S. patents to Pfannenstiehl numbered 1,533,207; 1,540,710; 1,548,168 and 1,623,809 have been developed.

By our present invention we have provided novel selecting recording mechanisms of the general type disclosed in said patents, but of considerably improved construction and arrangement throughout, of decreased weight and of increased compactness and efiiciency, permitting higher speed sustained operation. At the same time we have increased the number and range of selective operations that may be performed, materially lowered the costs of production and maintenance in operation, while increasing the reliability and durability of the apparatus.

An important feature of our invention is the provision for the accessibility of the individual sub-combinations of mechanisms performing the various related functions of the complete mechanism by arranging the sub-combination mechanisms in units that may be readily removed and replaced and interchangeably replaced, whereby complete replacement of individual units requiring major repairs and adjustments may be made rapidly and conveniently, without requiring replacement of the entire recorder or printer.

.At the same time many of the parts are designed for interchangeable use in other ty printing'mechanisms and selective mach:

V firisms for difierent classes 0? su-h parts may be manufactured in large service so that 1980. Serial No. 467,352.

ent invention is to provide novel and improved selecting printing and remote control mechanisms of improved efiiciency and durability, in which the costs of manufacture and maintenance are minimized.

Another object of our invention is the provision for the accessibility and replacement of the several parts of the apparatus by reason of its design as an assembly of inter-dependent units, each of whichis completely removable and replaceable independently o the other related units, the parts being designed to be largely and interchangeably .useful in other standard types of mechanisms.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved selecting mechanism under the control of a single electro-magnet adaptable to telegraphic printers wherein the platen is stationary and the type carriage is movable.

Further objects of our invention are to provide. spacing mechanisms for a telegraph recorder embodying escapement elements of sturdy construction, which are more satisfactory and positive thanthe usual ratchet and pawl mechanisms; and to provide novel means for preventing the continued performover existing channels of communication is increasingrapidly and economies of line time are ming increasingly important. To efi'ect maximum economy of line time, we

have provided novel systems, methods and mechanisms for performing control operations to reduce the 'number of line signals nry while increasing the operative. 'selective range of the apparatus.

Another object' of our invention therefore is to elfect economy of line time as well as reduce to a minimum the possible erroneous transmission of ges by the rovision of means whereby the spacing an platen unshifting operations can be combined without aflectin the independent operation of either one of t ese functions in ordinary operation.

A further object of our invention is to rovide a novel means whereby the range operations of the apparatus is increased and by reason of which additional auxiliary operations or functions can be performed.

Considerable line time may also be lost in intercommunicating systems when it becomes necessary or desirable for a receivin operator to break in on the transmission an to communicate with the transmitting operator.

Accordingly a further object of our invention is the provision of a novel system of intercommunication, and novel means whereby the sending operator may be interrupted at the will of the receiving operator should the latter, for various reasons, desire to do so. For instance, should the receiving operator desire to have the sender repeat a message or a part thereof, he may by reason of the novel send-receive break mechanism, hereinafter disclosed, change the condition of the senders apparatus from a sending to areceiving position and then proceed to transmit his request.

A still further object is to provide novel methods and apparatus for starting and stopping the motors by means controlled through the receiving selectors at each station. This feature of our invention involves the use of mechanical motor controlling means operable under the control of the selector mechanism, or under the combined control of the printer shift mechanism and the selector mechanism whereby the apparatus may be controlled from a distant station by the transmission of a special signal.

These and other objects which will be disclosed as the description hereof proceeds and which will be emphasized as they appear will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims when taken in connection with the accom anying drawings.

The preferred embo iment of our invention herein disclosed is illustrated in the following drawings in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of the herein disclosed apparatus.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the break mechanism. I

Figure 3 is a plan view of the printing apparatus.

- Figure 4 is a left side elevation of the V printemwith the base and keyboard units shown partly in section;

Figure 5 is a detail plan view of one embodiment of the printing cut-out mechanism. Figure 5a is a broken plan view of the printing cut-out mechanism of Figure Figure 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view 7 of the printer taken approximately through the vertical center line of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary end view of platen unit to show part of the line feed and platen shifting mechanisms.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view through selector vanes taken immediately to the left of the selector vane locking lever.

Figure 9 is a detail cross-section through the selector vanes to show the sixth vane in the unshift or letters position.

Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 9 showing the sixth vane in the shift or figures position.

Figure 11 is a sectional plan view of the printing unit.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary top view showing the ribbon feed mechanism.

Figure 13 is an end view of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is an elevational view of the ribbon reverse arm.

Figure 15 is a partial rear elevation of the printer to show the manual carriage return mechanism.

Figure 16 is a detail view-of the margin signal bell mechanism.

Figure 17 is an end view of Figure 16.

Figure 18 is a detail rear elevation showing a printing cut-out mechanism of the printer as well as the spacing mechanism.

Figure 19 is a side view of Figure 18 showing the spacing mechanism.

Figure 20 shows an elevation of essential parts of the mechanical selector and startstop distributor of telegraphic signals which forms apart of the mechanism of Figure 4, approximately on the line 2020 of Figure 4.

Figure 21 is a horizontal section on the line 2121 of Figure 20 and shows a plan view of the armature lever locking device.

Figure 22 shows details of the orientation mechanism and starting mechanism of the selector of Figure 20.

Figure 23 is a section on the line 2323 of Figure 22 and shows the starting members of the selector of Figure 20.

Figure 24 is a fragment-a1 view showing the mechanism associated with the automatic signaling device.

Figure 25 is a detail view of the latching mechanism pertaining to the motor stop function.

Figure 26 is a top view of mechanism shown in Figure 25.

Figure 27 is a perspective view, with certain parts removed for clarity, of the break mechanism and motor control mechanism.

28 is a horizontal section taken approximately on line 2828 of Figure 20 and shows in addition thereto the relation of the mechanical selector to the motor stop mecha- .nism.

trica circuit at the receiving station.

'ona

Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the motor controlling circuit.

In general, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 3, sheets 1 and 2, our apparatus comprises base unit 1, printing unit 2, type-bar carriage unit 3, platen unit 4, paper roll unit 5, keyboard unit 6 and vane frame unit 7, which construction as an aggregate of variant units enhances the accessibility of the several parts of the apparatus considerably, and simplifies the maintenance thereof. The keyboard unit 6 is fully described in U. S. Patent No. 1,595,472 issued August 10, 1926 to H. L. Krum, and is removablyv attachable to the herein described apparatus.

The apparatus herein disclosed is operated by various code combinations of impulse conditions and is mechanically and selectively controlled thereby. These impulse conditions are translated into mechanical operations and functions by means of selector mechanism 8, through a single selector magnet 9, in the following manner.

Selecting and printing Referring to Figure 4, Sheet 3, selector magnet 9 is secured to bracket 10 which in turn is fixed to side-frame 11, of printing unit 2, as seen more clearly in Figure 21, Sheet 7. The magnet 9 has an armature 12 which is fixed to a lever 13. Lever 13 is substantially U-shaped and its end adjacent to the armature is supported upon the pivot stud 14.- A spring 15 has one of its ends secured to armature 12 and its other end secured to an adjusting screw 16. Normally the magnet 9 is energized and holds the armature despite the tension of its spring 15.

Referring to Figure 21, Sheet 7, and Figure 28, Sheet 8, the free end of the lever 13 is T-shaped and is provided with a pair of laterally extending arms or abutments 22 and 23, which cooperate with laterally projecting arms 24 and 25 on the rear ends of selector fingers 26 to position the latter either in their right or left hand positions as will be described hereinafter.

The selector fingers 26, of which there are five, are thin flat members separated by thin flat guide plates 27, see Figure 28, Sheet 8, which serve to keep selector fingers 26 in alignment. The guide plates 27 are mounted on studs 17 and are spaced by washers 18 and the studs are fixed to frame 11. The selector fin'gers 26 are adapted to go through two different movements, first a reciprocating movement and then a rocking movement. The manner in which. these movements are produced and their consequent effects will be described hereinafter. Each selector finger 26 has a knifeedge 28 which engages with its respective rockable T shaped lever 29. The T-levers 29 are arranged between the guide plates 27 and-arejpivotally mounted stud 31 and each coinprises'three arms entirely across the printer and are adapted to be rotated both clockwise, and counterclockwise for selection purposes, but are not arranged to move endwise. These vanes are adapted to independently control the setting of a series of permutation code bars for character printing, and the selection of a series of function levers for the various functional operations. The printing operations and the function or auxiliary operations are performed independentlyof each other, said operations being controlled by a cam individual thereto. These vanes are rotatably mounted at their ends to supports 41 and 42 (Figure 11, Sheet 5) of vane frame unit 7 substantially as shown by means of mounting screws 43. Cooperating with the vanes 36 to 40 are bell crank levers 44, 45, 46, 47 and 48 (Figure 1) pivotally connected to hell crank mounting plate 49 which is appropriately located relative to and secured to type bar carriage frame 51. As seen from Figure 4, Sheet 3, ends 52 of hell crank levers 44 to 48 inclusive are bifurcated and are laterally disposed and have operable engagement with said vanes. The ends 52 of hell cranks 44 to 48 are slidably engaged with the vanes 36 to 40, since these bell cranks reciprocate across the machine whereas the vanes do not reciprocate. Adjacent ends 52 of said bell crank levers is retaining bar 53 (Figures 1 and 4) mounted in spaced relation on bell crank mounting plate 49 by reason of spacing washers 54. The opposite ends of hell crank levers 44 to 48 inclusive are suitably connected to code bars 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60, which, in turn, are suitably guided on studs 61 and 62 for restricted movement both clockwise and counterclockwise, slotted holes being provided in said code bars.

The code bars, as is well known, are adapted to be set in different combinations in accordance with different code signals and are so notched on their upper ed es that in any setting or alignment of notches one of the pull-bars 63 (Figure 6, Sheet 4) can fall into the notches thereof under the influence 65 and urge pull-bar outwardly against the action of spring 64 thereby causing the selected type bar 67 to rotate about curved or common fulcrum 68 by reason of the rack and pinion engagement between pull bars 63 and type bars 67. Of course, as is well known, this rotation of type bar 67 is incident to the printing of a character on a sheet of paper interposed between inking ribbon 69 and platen 71 as on an ordinary typewriter.

Power for operating the selectin mechanism is supplied by a motor 72 (partly shown in Figure 11, Sheet 5) through pinion 73 mounted on motor shaft 74 and gear 75 keyed to main shaft 76 of printer. The shaft 76 is journaled in anti-friction bearings 77 supported in side frames 79 and 81. Mounted upon the shaft near one end thereof is a cam barrel 82 (Figure 20, Sheet 7) which is frictionally connected to main shaft 76 by means of suitable clutch members.

The cam barrel 82 (Figures 20 and 25, 28, Sheets 7 and 8) has a spirally arranged series of cams 83, one for each of the five bell cranks 84 and which rotate the bell cranks 84in succession about their common pivot 80 and thus reciprocate longitudinally the succession of selector fingers 26 as the cam barrel is rotated. It will be noted that the circular ends 87 of selector fingers 26 engage corresponding sockets in bell cranks 84. In addition to this longitudinal movement the selector fingers 26 have a lateral swinging movement between the pair of studs 85. The springs 86 associated with bell crank levers 84 normally hold the selector fingers 26 in their forward position and in engagement with the T-levers 29 and each selector vane 36 to 40, inclusive, thus is he'd in either one or the other of its two positions, according to the position of the selector finger 26.

The'abut-ments 22 and 23 on the armature lever 13 are positioned to the rear of the arms 24 and 25 of the selector fingers 26 but are spaced more closely together than the ends of the arms 24 and 25 so that as the armature lever 13 vibrates in response to the received electrical coiiditions the abutments 22 and 23 alternately move into and out of alinement with the ends of arms 24 and 25. Abutments 22 and 23 will cooperate with their associated arms 24 and 25, as the selector fingers 26 are reciproc'ated by the associated bell crank and the rotary cam barrel to determine the settin of the selector fingers each in its right hand or left hand position.

As each signal pulse is received'upon the vine magnet 9 the magnet responds to one of the two different electrical conditions and selectively holds its armature lever 13 while on e of the fingers 26 reciprocated by a cam 83 of the spiral series on the cam barrel82.

The arms 24 and 25 are brought into cooperbe hereinafter described will engagehook ative relation with the abutments 22 and 23 at the corresponding signal intervals thereb setting the selector fingers in variant com ination.

As seen in Figure 20, Sheet 7, the cam barrel is driven from the shaft 76 through the medium of a friction clutch comprising two pairs of discs each pair having a washer of riction material between the discs. The disc 88 is attached rigidly to the shaft 76. The disc 89 is splined to the shaft 7 6. The discs 91 are attached rigidly to the cam barrel 82 which is sleeved loosely upon the shaft 76. Friction washers 92 are interposed between the discs. The frictional relation between cam barrel 82, discs, 88, 89, and 91, and friction washer 92 is adjusted by means of helical sprin 93 and adjustable set collar 94.

Re erring to Figures 21, 22 and 23, Sheet 7, the stop arm 95 rigidly attached to the cam barrel 82 is provided with an upturned end which normally engages the lug 96 on the lower arm of the U-shaped stop gate 97. The gate 97 is mounted u n the pivot stud 98 and its upper arm is a apted to be engaged by the latch 99. The latch 99 is pivoted at 101 to a journal block 102. This journal block and the pivot stud 98 are mounted upon the adjusting plate 103. The adjusting plate is rotatable about the pivot stud 104 and is clamped to the plate 105 which is fixed rigidly to the frame of the selector, arm 104' (see Fig. 4, Sheet 3) cooperating with a scale to indicate the various adjusted positions of plate 103. The spring 106 extending from the gate 97 to the frame of the selector tends to rotate the gate clockwise, as viewed in the Figure 22. The stop arm 95 tends to rotate the gate in reverse direction. The latch 99 restrains the gate 97 against push of the stop arm 95.

The pivot stud 104 and the inner end of the latch 99 are in line with the axis of the shaft 76. The spring 107 iscompressed between the latch 99 and the adjusting plate 103 and normally holds the outer end of the latch depressed and in position to engage the upper end of the gate 97. A trip member in the form of a small bell crank 108 is pivotally mounted in the block 109 upon the fixed plate 105 and its inner end may engage the inner end of the latch 99 at a point in line with the axis of shaft 76 and with the axis of the pivot stud 104. v

The plunger 111 extending through the block 109 is adapted to engage the bell crank 108 and is adapted to be engaged by the head of the screw 112 mounted on the upper arm of the armature lever 13. The operation 1s as follows: 7 7

During the first line-pulse or start interval, which is of spacing nature, the magnet 9 1s de-energized and the movement of the armature lever which will be effected by the sprlng 15-will cause the screw head 112 to shift the tation.

plunger 111 and thus rock the bell crank 108. The inner end of the bell crank engages the inner end of the latch 99 and rocks the latch about its pivot 101 so that the latch disengages itself from the gate 97. The gate 97 then is rotated in a counterclockwise direction by the pressure of the arm 95 against it. The cycle of operation of the cam barrel is thus initiated. Pr'ior tothe reception of the first line-pulse or start interval rotation of cam barrel by shaft 76 is prevented by engagement of arm 95 with latch 97, the clutch members 89 and 91 slipping. When latch 97 is released by a start interval the cam barrel 82 is released for rotation with shaft 76. As soon as the stop arm 95 passes the end 96 of the gate 97, the gate 97 will be rotated clockwise by its spring 106. During the signal code, the latch 99 will be vibrated without effect by the several signal pulses as received fromthe code combination, but the stop pulse of marking nature which always terminates the cycle will withdraw the screw head 112 from the plunger 111 and will permit the spring 107 to operate the latch 99 and the bell crank 108, the latch 99 being thus left free to take its normal position to engage the upper arm of the gate 97. The stop arm 95 then will engage the end 96 of the gate and will rotate the gate against its spring 106 until the gate engages the latch 99 which will stop both the gate 97 and the stop arm 95 thusstopping the cam barrel 82 to which the stop arm 95-is attached. The parts are so arranged that the cam barrel 82 is stopped positively by the gate 97 at the end of each cycle and is readily released by the startin movement of the armature lever 13, also t e tripping arrangement permits the orientation adjustment of the gate 97 so that the engagement of the first cam 83 and its cooperating bell crank 84 will occur during the most favorable portion of the first pulse of the received selective code. i

The cycle thus is started with proper orien- Should the first signal condition be a marking pulse condition, the magnet 9 will be in energized condition at the time that the first cam 88 operates the bell crank 84 which operates the first finger 26, which thus is adjusted to its marking position. Had the first pulse after starting been of spacing nature, the armature 12 would remain in its spacing position after the spacing start ulse. The first cam 83 would then operate t e first bell crank 84 which would operate the first finger 26 which thus would be adjusted to its spacing position. The remaining pulses are served similarly.

To provide a wide margin of operation, the

setting of the primary selectors or fin em 26 should be selected or determined at efinite points or 'very brief intervals uniformly spaced throughout the selecting cycle, so that such points may register with the mid. portions of the intervals of the received signals or code combinations. It is diflicult, however, to so construct the parts of a mechanical selector so as to effect such an operation and particularly where, as is highly desirable in order to permit rapid operation, the parts are of light weight and the vibratory movement of the armature lever slight. To provide for a wide margin, means is employed for intermittently locking the vibrating armature lever 13 in one or the other of its selecting positions, such locking occurring at definitely spaced points in the selecting cycle and which points are slightly in advance of the time intervals or portions of the cycle during which the setting of the selectors or fingers 26 is effected.

In the preferred form, the locking device comprises an arm or lever 70, Figure 21, Sheet 7, pivoted on a stud 90 and arranged between the two uppermost guide plates 27. The arm or lever is provided with a nose or shoulder 100 and a spring 110 connected to the arm holds the nose 100 in engagement with the periphery of a cam 120 that forms part of and rotates with the cam member 82. This cam is provided with a series of teeth or shoulders 130, five in number, which successively vibrate the arm durin each operating c cle. The end of the arm is also provide with a beveled locking dog or knifeedge 140 which cooperates with a knife edge 160 fixed to the under side of the armature lever 13 adjacent its outer end. When the nose 100 of the locking arm 70 is on the high portions of the cam 120, the knife edge 140 is slightly out of the path of movement of the cooperating knife edge 160 of the vibrating armature lever, but when the nose passes over the radial shoulders of the teeth 130, the knife edge 140 will engage knife-edge 160 and hold the armature lever either in its ri ht-hand or left-hand position.

he number of teeth 130 corresponds to the number of selecting intervals of each signal and they are so s aced that the locking device is quickly shi ted into engagement with the armature by the spring 110 at definite points in each revolution or setting cycle of the cam member 82, and which points are so arranged that the armature lever is locked in one or the other of its positions "just before any engagement of the arms 24 and 25 with the abutments 22 and 23 occurs, so that the setting of the respective selectors is definitely determined at such points or brief intervals. Furthermore, the teeth 130 are so arranged that the armature lever is held against vibration while the arms 24 and 25 of the selecting fingers are in engagement with the abutments 22 and 23, and in this way the armature lever is securely held against vibration during any of the changes in the setting of the selectors. It wili'be observed that in addition to the five positions on cam 120 above mentioned there is rovided a longer dwell or high portion so a apted as to hold knife edge 140 out of engagement with knife edge 160 when said cam 120 is in the stop position. The reason for this will become apparent hereinafter under the consideration of the motor-control mechanism.

The operation of rinting bail 127 (F i re 6, Sheet 4) will now edescribed. It has e en seen how a selection of a character is made beginning with the selector magnet 9 through transfer T-lever 26, selector vanes 36 to 40,

bell crank levers 44 to 48, code bars 56 to 60 and pull-bars 63. Referring to Figure 6, it will be noted that pu'll-bar-operating-bail 66 is provided with plunger member 149 (also shown in Figure 3), one end of which is secured to bail member 66 and the other or free end is interposed between guide rollers 150 and 151 appropriately mounted at rear of type carriage frame 152. Suitably secured to plunger member 149 and depending therefrom is guide roller 153 ada ted for rolling engagement in a longitudina direction with printing bail 127, substantially as shown. It will be observed from Figure 1 that the type bars 67 and pull-bars 63, are arranged in a mounted for reciprocative movement at threecircular manner about printing oint 154 so that the travel of each individua type bar is identical. The purpose, therefore, of curved code bars is ObVlO'llS. Likewise, all the parts directly associated with the type bars 67 and pull-bars 63 are similarly curved. Pull-bar bail member 66 is provided on its ends with flanged rollers 155 (Figure 4,

Sheet 3) adapted to be movably mounted in suitable brackets 156, substantiallyas shown. It is apparent, then, that the pull-bar operating bail including its plunger 149 is points; namely, brackets 156 (one on each side of type carriage) and between guide rollers 151 and 152.

Adjacent to curved code bars 56 to 60 and to the left thereof as viewed in Figure 6 is the pull-bar comb 157 which serves as a guide for the free end of the pull bars and which is provided with a series of open ended slots, one for each pull-bar. Also adjacent to comb 157 and oppositely disposed thereto with relation to code bars 56 to 60 is the adjustable trip off bail or strip er 158, the purpose of which will hereina er appear. Incidentally comb 157 and stripper 158 are fixed to type carriage frame 152. Adjacent the free, ends of type bars 67 and on the underneath side thereof is located the type bar back stop 159 suitably fixed to type carriage frame 152 and comprising a shock absorbing material, such as leather, mounted on a metal strap orfbar.

Rotatably mounted on bail shaft 125 (Figure 6, Sheet 4) is the printing bail 127, function bail 161 and printing bail return lever to one arm of spring adjusting lever 167 pivotally mounted at 168 on side frame 81. The

other arm of lever 167 cooperates with adjusting screw 169. This arrangement obviously affords means for adjusting the tension of striker spring 166. Near the other end of printing bail 127 is the printing bail return lever 162 (Figure 6, Sheet 4). Mounted at the end of one ar of lever 162 is the adjustable striker 172 which has cooperative relationship with printing bail arm 163, as hereinafter set forth. Mounted on the other end of lever 162 is follower roller 173 which coo rates with eccentric printing cam 174.

scillatory motion is imparted to printing'bail 127 in the following manner. Normally, follower roller 173 rides on the high part of the eccentric cam 174 and in conseuence thereof printing bail 127 is held to t e left (as viewed in Fi 6) by striker 172 on lever 162.. Printing iail 127 is always under the influence of striker spring 166 (Fig. 3) which tends at all times to rotate said bail 127 in a clockwise direction. Therefore, as the printin cam 174 revolves it releases lever 162, t ereby allowing striker s ring 166 to pull printing bail 127 in said c ockwisedirection, at the same time impartifig motion of the same direction to lever 162, through striker 172 thereby holding follower roller 173 in contact with periphery of cam 174. This rotative movement is terminated when follower 173 engages the low part of eccentric cam 17 4. It is obvious then that cam 174 and spring 166 cooperate to impart an oscillatory movement to printing ball 127.

One. feature in this method of operating the printing bail 127. is the revention of jammin which might result if bail were operated y positive mechanical movements. By our invention we provide for the spring operation of the printing function thereby e iminating every possibility of jamming. Another feature in this spring method of operation will become a parent in the dis- 0 osure of the auxiliary unctions.

It is obvious that this oscillatory motion ofthe printing bail 127 imparts a reciprothe code bars have been thereby arranged so that there is an alinement of notches corresponding to the selected character, the pull bar 63 individual thereto will be pulled into the alined notches by its spring 64. The pull-bar bail in its movement to the right will engage the hook 65 of the selected pullbar 63 and urge it also to the right. Now, after the selected pull-bar has been so actuated for a predetermined distance the back end of the hook 65 of the pull-bar strikes the adjustable tr.p-ofl' bail or stripper 158 and the pull-bar is thereby released from the operating bail 66 so that it may return to its normal unoperated position independently. As hereinbefore mentioned, this movement of the pull-bar causes the rotation of its individual type bar 67 about common fulcrum 68 through the rack and pinion engagement between pull bars and type bars.

The force of the blows of the type bars against the platen is adjustable in the following manner, which is an important feature of our invention. It was noted that the trip-01f bail 158 caused the selected pull-bar to be ejected from or pushed out of engagement with pull-bar bail or striker bar 66 at a predetermined point or instant thus allowing the selected pull-bar to return to its normal position independently.

Now, since the amount of rotation of the selected type bar 67 about point 68 is governed by the horizontal movement of the selected pull-bar 63 through the rack and pinion engagement thereof, it is akpparent that the duration of engagement 0 ail 66 and pull bar 63 affects the amount of rotation of the type bar. That is, selected type bar 67 may be rotated through by simply postponing the time of ejectment of pull-bar 63 from bail 66, or conversel by advancing the time of said ejectment't e amount of rotation of the selected type-bar can be reduced correspondingly. It will thus be seen that in the latter case selected type-bar and pull-bar taken together will have escaped the influence of the pull-bar bail 66 before the laten has been reached by the type bar. Therefore, since a sudden and substantial force is imparted to pull bar bail 66 by striker spring 166 through printing bail 127 and plunger 149 it is readily seen that the' momentum stored up in the rotating type bar by reason of the im etus of the force imparted to it by the pull ar bail 66 will carry the type-bar against the platen with suflicient force to effeet-the printing of a character, overcoming also the tension of individual spring 64.

"Howeveiy-since it is sometimes desirable to print several copies, theeflective stroke of the type-bar Wlll of necessity have to be varied correspondingly. ThlS is accomplished by adjusting the position of the'trip off bail 158 to advance or retard the time of ejectment or tripping off of the pull bar.

Spacing The manner of spacing between characters will now be described, reference being had to Figures 11 and 18, Sheets 5 and 6. Mounted on the main shaft 76 and located centrally of the apparatus is the sleeve member 113. Sleeve member 113 comprises escapement ratchet 114 and escapement worm 115 which are operably connected thereto. Sleeve member 113 is operably connected to hub of disk 116 by means of interengaging tooth members or splines 117. Collar 118 is pinned to main shaft 76 and is rotatable therewith. Interposed between disk 116 and collar 118 is disk 119 of frictional material, for instance, felt. By means of helical spring 120 sleeve 113 is frictionall connected to friction clutch comprising mem ers 116, 118 and 119. Sleeve 113 is thereby rotatable with main shaft 76 unless arrested as will hereinafter appear.

Referring to Figure 19, Sheet 6, it will be noted that in the present embodiment of the present invention ratchet 114 is provided with three teeth or notches 122, 122a and 122b, the escapement of which, as will presently appear, will allow the type carriage to be moved forward one step or character space. In this figure, the escapement mechanism comprises levers 123 and 124, pivotally mounted on bail shaft 125, and lever 126 adustably fixed to printing bail 127. Spring 128 normally tends to rotate levers 123 and 124 in opposite directions, since it is common to both levers. Lever 123 is normally urged by sprin 128 in a counterclockwise direction so t at laterally disposed end 131 engages tooth 122 of ratchet 114 thus arresting the rotation of said ratchet. Lever 124 is normally held out of engagement with ratchet 114, against the tension of spring 128, by the action of lever 126 against laterally disposed end 132.

Lever 126 is pivotally connected to printing bail 127 at 134 and is provided at 135 with a slot and screw adjusting means, whereby the correct relative position of escapement levers 123 and 124 with respect to ratchet 114 may be determined. The spacing operation occurs immediately following the printing of a character in the following manner.

Upon the printing of a character, lever 126 is caused to rotate slightly in a clockwise di- ,rection with printing bail 127 which moves clockwise about bail shaft 125, thereby transferring this motion to lever 123 through itsiij;

laterally disposed end 136 and tripping; its end 131 out of engagement with tooth 122 and permitting ratchet 114 to rotate slightly in a clockwisedirection under the influence of friction clutch members 116 to 119 hereinbefore mentioned until arrested by the engagement of tooth 1221; with laterally disposed end 137 of lever 124 which leyer was free tdr'otate in a clockwise sense under the tension of spring 128 into the path of the on-coming tooth 122a. Ratchet 114 is thus restrained from rotation by lever 124 until the completion of the printing of a character at which time printing bail 127 and associated lever 126 are caused to rotate in the opposite direction. Restraint of lever 123 by lever 126 through end 136 is thereby released, permitting lever 123 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction under the influence of spring 128 into the path of tooth 122?) of ratchet 114. During this counterclockwise movement of lever 126 and immediately after the aforementioned release of lever 123, lever 124 is caused to rotate in a like direction due to the action of lever 126 on end 132 thereof, thereby disengaging end 137 of lever 124 from tooth 122a and allowing ratchet 114 to continue its rotation until arrested by the engagement of end 131 of lever 123 with tooth 1226.

From Figures 18 and 19, Sheet 6, it is obvious, that since worm 115 and ratchet 114 are integrally connected to sleeve 113 said worm 115 will have the same intermittent motion as was hereinbefore seen to be imparted to ratchet 114. Worm 115 is meshed with worm gear 138 (Figures 6 and 11, Sheets 4 and 5) which is loosely mounted on vertical shaft 139, and operably connected thereto by means of jaw clutch 141. Worm 115 and gear 138 are in the present embodiment so related that one-third revolution of worm 115 will rotate gear 138 through a distance equal to the unit circular pitch, which, as will hereinafter ap ear, causes the type carriage to be ste ped orward one space. i

haft 139 (Fig. 6, Sheet 4) is-vertically mounted in the printing unit and suitably journaled in anti-friction bearings, not shown. Fixed to the upper end of shaft 139 and rotatable therewith is the pinion gear 142 (Fi s. 3 and 6) which meshes with rack 143 of t e type carriage, see Figure 12, Sheet 5, and Figure 18, Sheet 6. Near the lower end of vertical shaft 139 and pinned thereto for rotation therewith is the driving member 144 of jaw clutch 141 (Fig. 6). Cooperating with driving member 144 and slidably mounted on shaft 139 is the driven member 145 of jaw clutch 141. Member 145 is provided with integral disk or annulus 146 which cooperates with clutch release lever 147, as will hereinafter appear. Hub of member 145 adjacent to driving member 144 is provided with clutch teeth while the hub on the opposite side of disk146 is operably connected to hub of worm gear 138 by means of interengaging tooth members or splines 148, this clutch construction resembling that shown in Figure 18, Sheet 6. Helical spring 149' tends to push driven member 145 of jaw clutch 141 into engagement with the driving member 144 to thereby cause simultaneous rotation of gears 133 and 142. The upward movement of gear 138 is prevented by a shoulder in shaft 139 due to a reduction in the diameter of the shaft through the gear. Downward movement of ear 138 is resisted by helical spring 149. T e urpose of jaw clutch 141 will hereinafter ully appear under the disclosure of the carriage return function of the present apparatus.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the spacing takes place automatically with the printing of each character, that is, the spacing function is merged into the printing operation. It is obvious, that there is a code combination individual to each typebar. It is possible, however, to adopt a code combination commonly known as the spacing signal which is identified with no typebar but which will nevertheless inaugurate the printing operation. Therefore, the spacing between words is accomplished in exactly the same manner as hereinbefore set forth, when a spacing signal is received, except that no typebar is operated and consequently no character is printed. Incidental Auwilz'ary selections and fwnations In addition to the printing of characters as hereinbefore described, we have provided for various functions such as line feed, platen shift, platen unshift and automatic signaling. Also, we have provided for various operations and features such as the send-receivebreak mechanism, mechanical motor-stop mechanism, and rinting cut-out mechanism.

To perform t ese various functions we have provided special code or function levers 175 (Fig. 6, Sheet 4) which are pivotally mounted on function lever shaft 176 suitably mounted in vane frame unit 7. Each function lever is under the influence of an individual function lever spring 177 one end of which is secured to vertical arm of function lever and the other end being fastened to a spring bar 178 fixed to the vane frame. Springs 17 7 tend to rotate function levers in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 6.

The vertical arms of function levers 175 are provided with bifurcated ends, substantially as shown. The edge of one of the bifurcations presented toward the vanes is provided with a series of notches, which correspond to a specific code. The other bifurcation is slightly inclined to cooperate withv and are adapted to coo erate with various function push bars, as or instance 182, as will more clearly appear hereinafter.

Function lever bail 165 (Figs. 6 and 11,

Sheets 4 and 5) is secured to printing bail 127 and is adapted to span all of the function levers 175. The ends of the bail 165 are turned down to provide a bearing or support for shaft 183. oosely mounted on shaft 183 is a sleeve 184, the purpose of which is to eliminate friction as will hereinafter appear. Function lever bail 165 is also provided with upturned e es 185 which are adapted to span certain 0 the function levers 175 (see- Fig.11) for a purpose which will be hereinafter disclosed.

The power necessary to perform these various auxiliary functions is impartedby function bail 161 (Fig. 6, Sheet 4). This bail 161, as was hereinbefore mentioned, is rotatably mounted on bail shaft 125. Function bail 161 is provided with arm 186 at the end of which is mounted a follower roller 187 adapted to cooperate with function cam 190, rotatable with the main shaft 76. Free end of bail 161 is provided with function bail blade 188 which is adapted to span all of the function push-bars and to cooperate therewith.

Function cam 190 on shaft 76 acts upon follower roller 187 and tends to rotate function bail 161 in a clockwise direction about bail shaft 125 (as viewed in Fig. 6), causing bail blade 188 to .engage selected function push bar, as will hereinafter appear, and urge same to the left to perform its prescribed function. Upon completion of this movement function bail is released by function cam and is returned to its normal position,

by means of spring 189, one end of which is secured to function bail 161 and the other end suitably fixed to vane frame 7.

Referring to 8, Sheet 4, vane locking lever 191 pivotally mounted on function lever shaft 176 is provided with a bifurcated end, one bifumation of which is provided, on its edge presented toward the selector vanes 36 to 40 inclusive and 50, with specially formed or double notches 192 substantially as shown, the purpose of is to lock the selector vanes 36 to 40 and in their selected positions to prevent disarrangement due to vibration or other causes, the selected vane being held in either the u per or lower apex of its associated notch. ormally, vane -lock 191 is held out of enga ment with selector vanes by the action of s aft 183 of function lever bail 165 a ainst the inclined inner surface 193 of for 194 against the tension of individual spring 177. Now, "when printing bail is rotated in a clockwise direction (as viewed in Fig. 6) shaft 183 will describe an are such that shaft 183 will be moved to the right thereby releasing -vanelock lever 191 which is free to rotate about shaft 176 in a clockwise direction under the influence of its individual spring 177 into engagement with the selector vanes. Each of the function levers is similarly actuated.

By reason of this locking feature a new character may be selected while the preceding character is being printed. This is called the overlap and constitutes an important feature of our invention, and operates as follows.

When the selector vanes 36 to 40 are locked in selected position by lock vanes 191, the operating mechanism may move to select the next character, the selector fingers 26 being positioned for the next character but the T levers 29 being locked with the vanes 36 to 40. In this condition the spring 86 holds the selector fingers 26 in engagement with their respective T levers 29, and as soon as lock vane 191 releases vanes 36 to 40 by return of the printing bail, theT levers 29 at once move their vanes to the next position. It Wlll be apparent that there is thus a flexible operating connection between the operating mechanism and the vanes 36 to 40.

It is obvious that when some of the functions are to beperformed, the printing operation and movement of the type carriage must be suspended. To accomplish this the function lever bail 165 is provided with upturned edges 185 as seen in Fig. 6 Sheet 4, and Fig. 11, Sheet 5 and as hereinbefore noted. Now, when a function lever is selected wherein it is necessaryto suspend the printing operation ing bail is thereb prevented from rotating more than a slig t distance under the influence of its striker spring 166 and the printing and carriage movements are prevented.

Type canz'age construction and retum mch- Referring to Fig. 3, Sheet 2 type unit 3 comprises a rigid frame-work 152 upon which are mounted or supported the various parts hereinbefore mentioned and described such as, type-bars and pull-bars and their associated parts,;pull-bar bail and its associated parts, carriage return rack, ribbon feed mechanism, ribbon vertical shift mechanism,-and curved code bars.

As hereinbefore alluded to, type carriage unit 3 is movable as a whole from left to right step by step and returned as viewed in Figures 1 and 3,-Sheets 1 and 2 to efi'ect the line print' To accommodate for this" movement of e type carriage, vertically spaced rails or tracks I97 and 198 are provided which are mounted appropriately on the printing unit side frame 152. carriage frame 152 is provided with suitably mounted rollers 199 4 and 6), 201 and 202 (Figs. 1, 3,4 and s and is slidably mount- 7 r ed on said rails 197 and 198. Rail 197 is cy- .VAs

lrection about pivot 205a lindrical in cross section and rollers 201 and 202 are grooved so as to be laterally guided on said rail. Roller 199 cooperates with track or rail 198. Rail 197 is provided with an outwardly osed lateral oove adapted to receive the ead of carnage retaining screws 203 depending from carriage frame 152 and located behind molmtin plate 49.

- Mention has already been ma e, under our consideration of the spacingfunction, of the manner in which the type carriage is moved from left to right, step by step for line printing. When a full line as 'been printed or when it is desired to return the type carria e to the left to commence a new line a co e combination of impulses is transmitted over the line which causes the selector mechanism 8 to initiate the selection of the proper function lever 175 in the hereinbefore prescribed manner.

Referringeto 6, Sheet 4, function lever 175 a r being released by the function lever bail 165 in the manner hereinbefore set forth is allowed to rotate in a clockwise direction under the influence of its spring 177 to mesh with or the selector vanes which have assumed e selected positions to correspond with the series of notches in the selected function lever 175. This rotation has caused end 204 of horizontal arm of function lever 175 to raise the co=actin end of function push bar 182 so that push bar 182 will rotate slightly in a counterclockwise di- 206 a disenga 1555?? spring us 7 gmg notc rom latch or stop 208 fixed to comb 179 of vane frame unit 7. As shown, function push bars 182 and 209 are fulcrumed at common pivot 205 on one end of lever 210 which in turn is pivoted at 211 to base unit 1. To the other end 212 of lever 210 is secured one end of spring 213, the other of which is secured to base unit 1. Spring 213 normally tends to rotate lever 210 in a counterclockwise direction about pivot 211. The counterclockwise movement of lever 210 is limited by the adjustable stop screw 214 apropriately mounted on base unit 1.

Lever 210 is provided with laterally disposed portion 215 adapted to co-act with extension 2160f substantially U-shaped clutch release lever 147 fulcrumed on common pivot 211. Lever 147 is provided with a pair of arms 217 adapted to co-operate with annulus 146 of driven clutch member 145 to impart vertical 'reciprocative movement thereto. During the carria return operation driven member 145 is held out of engagement with driving member 144 b the action of spring 213 upon lever 210, w ch tends to move in a counterclockwise about pivot 211 and which also tends to move lever 147 in the same direction through said laterally disposed 215.

y mentioned, function push bars -6, Sheet 4 182 and 209 are fulcrumed on common pivot 205 of lever 210. Levers 182 and 209 are acted upon by common spring 206, secured at 218 to lever 182 and at 219 to lever 209, which tends to rotate said levers about said pivot in opposite directions, thus it will be noted that lever 209 continues to bear against function bail 161 and lever 182 is held in contact 7 with stop or catch 208. :Now, when lever 182 is released in the manner hereinbefore described it will permit lever 210 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction under the influence of sprin 213 thereby causing the release of driven c utch member 145 as hereinbefore set forth.

As seen from Figs. 3 and '6, Sheets 2 and 4, suitably mounted on cross bar 221 of printer unit frame is the spring return drum 222 comprising for the main part spring receptacle or drum 223, spiral spring 224 and draw strap 225 (Fig. 3). Draw strap 225 is suitably arranged to be wound about drum 223 and is riveted at one end to suitable hook 225, on type-carriage frame. As the carriage advances step by step it winds up carriage return spring 224 an stores up energy therein in readiness to return the carriage. Now, when the carriage return signal.

is transmitted and the function lever 175 is allowed to trip push bar 182 and clutch member 145 is thereby released shaft 139 is free to rotate and the carriage return is effected through the release of the stored up energy in the spring 224.

Upon the completion of the carriage return operation the function bail 161, which is caused to rotate clockwise by reason of the function cam pushes the function push bar 209 to the left until notch 207 again engages stop or catch 208 at the same time rotating lever 210 in a clockwise direction thereby releasing clutch release lever 147 and permitting clutch member 145 to re-engage member 144 by reason of helical spring 149.

Means are also provided for the manual return of the t e carriage. Referring to Figs. 5 and 15, S eets 2 and 6, the carriage release lever 226 is suitably positioned on the rear part of the apparatus and is adapted to actuate a bell crank lever 227 which in turn actuates connecting link 228 (see also Flg. secured at one end to one arm of hell crank 227 and at the other end to .one arni of clutch release lever 147. When lever '226, as viewed in Fig. 15, is urged to the left the connected series of levers are actuated to release clutch 141'(Fig. 6) to efiect the return of the type carriage in a manner similar to that hereinbefore described.

220 of latch lever 226' imparting clockwise rotation thereto, thus unlatching lever 226 which is permitted to return again to the ri ht to its normal osition due to the action 0 its spring, not s own.

To absorb the blow or impact of the type carriage when it reaches the beginning of the line, we have provided a pneumatic buffer 229 (Figs. 4 and 15, Sheets 3 and 6) which is suitably supported to side frame 79 and located to the rear of the apparatus. Pivotally supported at 231 (Fig. 4) to side frame 79 and properly positioned with'yespect to buffer 229 and type carriage bufling post 232 is bufier lever 233. One end of lever 233 seen in Fig. 3, Sheet 2, Figure 4, Sheet 3 and Fig. 15, Sheet 6, is provided with antifriction roller 234 and is adapted to cooperate with plunger 235 of the buffer 229. End 236 (Fig. 3) of lever 233 is adapted to receive the blow from bufling post 232. The resistance of pneumaticbufier 229 is variable by means ofadjustable air ports in a well known manner. Spring 240, (Fig. 3) tends to rotate lever 233 in a counter-clockwise direction about pivot 231 to restore the buffer mechanism to its operative position.

Line feed For the purpose of rotating the platen 4 to feed the paper and space between the lines of printed characters, special function lever 237 (Fig. 11, Sheet 5) is provided. To initiate the operation or function of line feeding a special code signal therefor is transmitted and the proper selection set up by the selector mechanism in the manner similar to carria 'e return operation hereinbefore described. Sonsequently, function lever 237 is allowed to rotate about the common fulcrum 176 for the function levers to raise line feed ush bar 238 into the path of the function forth under the carriage return. The opposite end of push bar 238 is pivotally connected at 239 I(Fig. 4, Sheet 3) to arm 241 of substantia y U-shaped bell crank lever 242. Lever 242 is pivotally supported at 243 to printing unit 2. Pivotally connected at end 244 of arm 245 of lever 242 is one end of line feed link 246, the length of which is adjustable by means of turnbuckle 247.

The other end of line feed link 246 is ivotally connected at 248 to arm 249 of ine feed bell crank lever 251 (Fig. 7, Sheet 4) which in turn is pivotally supported at 252 to printing unit side frame, not shown. Piv otally connected to end of arm 253 of lever 251 is line feed pawl 254 which-is ada ted to cooperate with line feed ratchet 255 xed to laten 4. Now, it is apparent that, when fine feed push bar 238 is pushed to the rear by flmction bail 161' lever 242 is caused to rotate in a clockwise sense .and in turn causing lever 251 through link 246 to'rotate in the operate with star wheel 261 fixe ail 161 as hereinbefore similarly set opposite direction, which rotation causes pawl 254 to be moved toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 7 to engage a tooth on ratchet 255 and rotate Platen one step. Pawl 254 may be either spring or gravity operated.

It may be desired to advance the platen through an angle equal to two teeth for double spacing. We have provided for this by meansof adjustable U-shaped lever 256 (Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 7) pivotally mounted for screw and slot adjusting to side frame 79. Referring to Fig. 7, Sheet 4, lever 256 (partly shown) is provided with shelf 257 which is adapted to be interposed between pawl 254 and ratchet 255. The position asumed by this shelf through the adjustability of lever 256 determines whether pawl 254 shall intercept one tooth or two teeth at a time; that is, it determines the time that pawl 254 will be allowed to fall into engagement with ratchet 255.. A holding-member 256 (Fig. 1) carrying a jockey roller 259 ada ted to coto platen 4 on the end opposite to ratchet 255 is provided to prevent overthrow and to hold the ratchet wheel in its advanced position in a manner as is well known in the art.

Platen shift and unshift sponding to the code for platen shift, or"

figures shift as it is also called, is transmitted in the manner similar to that set forth iu the foregoing description under carriage return and line feed. The componding function lever, called the figures or platen shift fmiction lever is thereby permitted to rotate about common fulcrum 176 to raise platen shift push bar 262 (Fig. 11, Sheet 5) into the path of function bail 161 as hereinbefore set forth for similar function levers.

The other end of push bar 262 is operably connected to one end 263 of shift lever 264 which is pivotally mounted at 26510 printing unit 2. The other end 266 of shift lever 264 is adapted to be operabl connected to tongued 'end 267 (Fig: 4, heat 3) of arm 268 of bell crank lever 269 which is pivotally mounted at 271 to side frame 79, as seen in Fig. 4, Sheet 3. To the end 272 of the other arm of the bell crank lever 269 is ivotall connected one end of shift link 273, t e length of which is adjustable by means of turnbuckle 274, Fig. 7, Sheet 4. The other end of shift link 273'is ivotally connected at 275 to extension 27 6 o platen frame 277 (Figs. 1 3, 4, 6 and 7, Sheets 1 1204). Platen frame 277 is pivotally supported at 278 and .27 9 to side frames 79 and 81 respectively.

When platen frame is to be shifted to the 

